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		<h1>Đề thi học kỳ 1 môn Hoá học lớp 8 năm học 2018 - 2019 &#40;Đề 3&#41;</h1>
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			Đề thi học kỳ 1 môn Hoá học lớp 8 năm học 2018 - 2019 (Đề 3), có đáp án kèm theo. Mời các bạn cùng tham khảo.
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			<p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span class="color-green" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 640;">I. TRẮC NGHIỆM</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">Học sinh hãy chọn và khoanh tròn câu trả lời đúng nhất cho các câu hỏi sau:</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span class="color-green" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 640;">Câu 1:</span>&nbsp;Ở trạng thái bình thường, nguyên tử trung hòa về điện vì:</span><br  />A. số p = số n</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">B. số n = số e</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">C. số e = số p</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">D. tất cả đều đúng</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span class="color-green" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 640;">Câu 2:</span>&nbsp;Công thức hóa học nào sau đây viết đúng?</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">A. NaO<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">2</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">B. CO<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">3</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">C. Ag<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">O</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">D. Al<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">2</span>O<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">3</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span class="color-green" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 640;">Câu 3:&nbsp;</span>Khi thổi hơi thở nhẹ vào ống nghiệm đựng nước vôi trong, hiện tượng quan sát được là:</span><br  />A. sủi bọt khí</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">B. nước vôi trong bị đục</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">C. nước vôi trong vẫn trong suốt</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">D. nước vôi trong chuyển sang màu hồng</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span class="color-green" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 640;">Câu 4:</span>&nbsp;Phương trình hóa học dung để biểu diễn ngắn gọn:</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">A. một phân tử</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">B. kí hiệu hóa học</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">C. công thức hóa học</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">D. phản ứng hóa học</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span class="color-green" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 640;">Câu 5:</span>&nbsp;Hai chất khí khác nhau có cùng 1 mol, được đo ở cùng điều kiên nhiệt độ và áp suất như nhau thì thể tích của hai chất khí này như thế nào?</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">A. bằng nhau</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">B. bằng nhau và bằng 22,4 lít</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">C. khác nhau</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">D. không thể xác định được</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span class="color-green" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 640;">Câu 6:</span>&nbsp;Công thức hóa học của một chất cho ta biết:</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">A. Phân tử khối của chất.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">B. Các nguyên tố cấu tạo nên chất.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">C. Số nguyên tử của mỗi nguyên tố có trong một phân tử chất.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">D. Tất cả đều đúng.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span class="color-green" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 640;">Câu 7:</span>&nbsp;Phân tử khối của canxi cacbonat CaCO<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">3</span>&nbsp;và sắt(III) sunfat Fe<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">2</span>(SO<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">4</span>)<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">3</span>&nbsp;lần lượt là:</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">A. 197 và 342</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">B. 100 và 400</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">C. 197 và 234</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">D. 400 và 100</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span class="color-green" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 640;">II. PHẦN TỰ LUẬN</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span class="color-green" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 640;">Câu 1:</span>&nbsp;Chọn những từ hoặc cụm từ thích hợp điền vào chỗ trống:</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">_____ là quá trình biến đổi chất này thành chất khác. Chất biến đổi trong phản ứng gọi là _____, còn _____ mới sinh ra gọi là _____. Trong úa trình phản ứng, lượng chất _____ giảm dần, còn lượng chất_____ tang dần.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span class="color-green" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 640;">Câu 2:</span>&nbsp;Tính khối lượng của:</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">0,15 mol CuSO<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">4</span>&nbsp;(Cho Cu=64, S=32, O=16)</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">5,6 lít khí CO<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">2</span>&nbsp;(đktc) (Cho C=12, O=16)</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span class="color-green" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 640;">Câu 3:</span>&nbsp;Hãy lập các phương trình hóa học sau đây:</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">Fe + Cl<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">2</span>&nbsp;−t<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; top: -0.5em;">o</span>→ FeCl<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">3</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">P<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">2</span>O<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">5</span>&nbsp;+ H<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">2</span>O → H<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">3</span>PO<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">4</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">CO<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">2</span>&nbsp;+ KOH → K<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">2</span>CO<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">3</span>&nbsp;+ H<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">2</span>O</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">Al<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">2</span>O<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">3</span>&nbsp;+ HCl → AlCl<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">3</span>&nbsp;+ H<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">2</span>O</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span class="color-green" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 640;">Câu 4:</span>&nbsp;Hòa tan hoàn toàn 6,5 gam kẽm vào dung dịch axit clohidric HCl có chứa 7,3 gam HCl (vừa đủ). Sau phản ứng thu được dung dịch muối kẽm clorua và 0,2 gam khí hidro.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">Lập công thức hóa học của muối kẽm clorua. Biết kẽm clorua do hai nguyên tố là Zn và Cl tạo ra.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">Tính khối lượng muối kẽm clorua tạo thành.</span><br  />&nbsp;</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: center;"><strong>ĐÁP ÁN</strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: 640;">I. TRẮC NGHIỆM</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span class="color-green" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 640;">Câu 1:</span>&nbsp;chọn C</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">Hướng dẫn: Số proton mang điện dương và số electron mang điện âm.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span class="color-green" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 640;">Câu 2:</span>&nbsp;chọn D</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">Hướng dẫn: Áp dụng quy tắc hóa trị để suy ra công thức đúng.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span class="color-green" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 640;">Câu 3:</span>&nbsp;chọn B</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">Hướng dẫn: Trong hơi thở có khí CO<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">2</span>&nbsp;nên làm đục nước vôi trong theo phản ứng:</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">CO<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">2</span>&nbsp;+ Ca(OH)<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">2</span>&nbsp;→ CaCO<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">3</span>↓ + H<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">2</span>O</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span class="color-green" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 640;">Câu 4:</span>&nbsp;chọn D</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span class="color-green" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 640;">Câu 5:</span>&nbsp;chọn A</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">Hướng dẫn: Các khí khác nhau được ở cùng điều kiện về: nhiệt độ và áp suất thì có cùng số mol =&gt; thể tích bằng nhau.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span class="color-green" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 640;">Câu 6:</span>&nbsp;chọn D</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span class="color-green" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 640;">Câu 7:</span>&nbsp;chọn B</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">Hướng dẫn: +) CaCO<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">3</span>&nbsp;: 40 + 12 + 16 x 3 = 100 đvC</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">+) Fe<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">2</span>(SO<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">4</span>)<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">3</span>&nbsp;: 56 x 2 + (32 + 16 x 4) x 3 = 400 đvC</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span class="color-green" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 640;">II. TỰ LUẬN</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span class="color-green" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 640;">Câu 1:</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">Phản ứng hóa học là quá trình biến đổi chất này thành chất khác. Chất biến đổi trong phản ứng gọi là chất phản ứng, còn chất mới sinh ra gọi là sản phẩm. Trong quá trinh phản ứng, lượng chất phản ứng giảm dần, còn lượng chất sản phẩm tang dần.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">a) Khối lượng của CuSO4: m = n.M = 0,15.160 = 24 (gam)</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">b) Số mol CO<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">2</span>: n =V/22,4= 5,6/22,4 = 0,25 (mol)</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">Khối lượng của CO<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">2</span>: m = n.M = 0,25.44 = 11 (gam)</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span class="color-green" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 640;">Câu 2:</span>&nbsp;Các phương trình hóa học :</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">2Fe + 3Cl<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">2</span>&nbsp;−t<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; top: -0.5em;">o</span>→ 2FeCl<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">3</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">P<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">2</span>O<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">5</span>&nbsp;+ 3H<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">2</span>O → 2H<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">3</span>PO<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">4</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">CO<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">2</span>&nbsp;+ 2KOH → K<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">2</span>CO<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">3</span>&nbsp;+ H<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">2</span>O</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">Al<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">2</span>O<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">3</span>&nbsp;+ 6HCl → 2AlCl<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">3</span>&nbsp;+ 3H<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">2</span>O</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span class="color-green" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 640;">Câu 3:</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">a) Lập công thức hóa học của muối kẽm clorua: ZnCl<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">2</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 24px; margin: 0px 0.2em 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; font-size: 15px; font-family: &#039;Open Sans&#039;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color:rgb(0, 0, 0);">b) Khối lượng muối ZnCl<span style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;">2</span>&nbsp;= 6,5 + 7,3 – 0,2 = 13,6 (gam)</span></p>
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