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		<h1>Giải Toán 8 sách Kết nối Tri Thức, bài 17&#x3A; Tính chất đường phân giác của tam giác</h1>
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			Giải Toán 8 sách Kết nối Tri Thức, bài 17: Tính chất đường phân giác của tam giác - Trang 84, 85, 86.
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			<div style="text-align: justify;">​<em><strong>&nbsp;Hoạt động 1 trang 84: Cho tia phân giác At của góc xAy (H.4.20). Nếu lấy điểm B trân tia Ax, điểm C trên tia Ay, ta được tam giác ABC. Giả sư tia phân giác At cắt BC tại điểm D.</strong></em>
<div style="text-align:justify"><img alt="hinh 4 20" height="212" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/hinh-4.20.jpg" width="317" /><br />
<em><strong>Khi lấy B và C sao cho AB = AC (H.4.20a), hãy so sánh hai tỉ số &nbsp;<em><strong><img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020095742-3.png" width="19" /></strong></em><span style="font-size:14pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&#039;Times New Roman&#039;,serif">&nbsp;= </span></span></span></strong></em><img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020095742-4.png" width="18" /><br />
<u><em><strong>Giải:</strong></em></u><br />
&nbsp;Theo đề bài, At là tia phân giác của góc xAy hay AD là tia phân giác của góc BAC.<br />
Tam giác ABC cân tại A (vì AB = AC) có AD là tia phân giác của góc BAC nên AD cũng là đường trung tuyến của tam giác ABC.<br />
Suy ra D là trung điểm của cạnh BC hay DB = DC nên <img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020095742-1.png" width="19" />&nbsp;= 1<br />
Vì AB = AC nên <img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020095742-2.png" width="18" />&nbsp;= 1<br />
Vậy khi lấy B và C sao cho AB = AC thì <img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020095742-3.png" width="19" />&nbsp;= <img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020095742-4.png" width="18" /><br />
<br />
<em><strong>Hoạt động 2 trang 84: Cho tia phân giác At của góc xAy (H.4.20). Nếu lấy điểm B trân tia Ax, điểm C trên tia Ay, ta được tam giác ABC. Giả sư tia phân giác At cắt BC tại điểm D.</strong></em><br />
Khi lấy B và C sao cho AB = 2 cm và AC = 4 cm (H.4.20b), hãy dùng thước có vạch chia đến mm để đo độ dài các đoạn thẳng DB, DC rồi so sánh hai tỉ số &nbsp;<img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020100159-11.png" width="19" /><span style="font-size:14pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&#039;Times New Roman&#039;,serif">&nbsp;= </span></span></span><img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020100159-12.png" width="18" /><br />
<u><em><strong>Giải:</strong></em></u><br />
&nbsp;Dùng thước có vạch chia đến milimét để đo độ dài các đoạn thẳng DB, DC, ta được:<br />
DB = 11 mm = 1,1 cm và DC = 22 mm = 2,2 cm.<br />
Khi đó, <img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020100159-5.png" width="19" />&nbsp;= <img alt="" height="35" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020100159-6.png" width="18" />&nbsp;= <img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020100159-7.png" width="8" />; <img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020100159-8.png" width="18" />&nbsp;= <img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020100159-9.png" width="8" />&nbsp;= <img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020100159-10.png" width="8" /><br />
Vậy khi lấy B và C sao cho AB = 2 cm và AC = 4 cm thì <img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020100159-11.png" width="19" />&nbsp;= <img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020100159-12.png" width="18" /><br />
<br />
<em><strong>Luyện tập trang 85: Tính độ dài x trên Hình 4.23.</strong></em><br />
<img alt="hinh 4 23" height="173" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/hinh-4.23.jpg" width="226" /><br />
<u><em><strong>Giải​:</strong></em></u><br />
Trong Hình 4.23 có <img alt="" height="25" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020100749-13.png" width="41" />&nbsp;= <img alt="" height="25" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020100749-14.png" width="40" />&nbsp;nên EM là tia phân giác của <img alt="" height="25" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020100749-15.png" width="37" />&nbsp;<br />
Áp dụng tính chất đường phân giác của tam giác, ta có:<br />
<img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020100749-16.png" width="18" />&nbsp;= <img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020100749-17.png" width="22" />&nbsp;hay <img alt="" height="34" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020100749-18.png" width="18" />&nbsp;= <img alt="" height="35" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020100749-19.png" width="18" /><br />
Suy ra x = <img alt="" height="35" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020100749-20.png" width="42" />&nbsp;= 7,2 (đvđd)<br />
Vậy x = 7,2 (đvđd).<br />
&nbsp;</div>

<h2 style="text-align:justify"><strong>* Giải bài tập trang 86</strong></h2>

<div style="text-align:justify"><em><strong>Bài 4.10: Tính độ dài x trong Hình 4.24.</strong></em><br />
<img alt="hinh 4 24" height="219" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/hinh-4.24.jpg" width="345" /><br />
<u><em><strong>Giải​:</strong></em></u><br />
Trong Hình 4.24 có có <img alt="" height="25" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020101149-21.png" width="42" />&nbsp;= <img alt="" height="25" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020101149-22.png" width="39" />&nbsp;nên PH là tia phân giác của <img alt="" height="25" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020101149-23.png" width="42" /><br />
Áp dụng tính chất đường phân giác của tam giác, ta có:<br />
<img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020101149-24.png" width="21" />&nbsp;= <img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020101149-25.png" width="22" />&nbsp;hay <img alt="" height="34" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020101149-26.png" width="8" />&nbsp;= <img alt="" height="35" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020101149-27.png" width="18" /><br />
Suy ra x =<img alt="" height="34" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020101149-28.png" width="37" />&nbsp;= 8,5 (đvđd).<br />
Vậy x = 8,5 (đvđd).<br />
<br />
<em><strong>Bài 4.11: Cho tam giác ABC. Đường phân giác trong của góc A cắt BC tại D. Tính độ dài đoạn thẳng DC biết AB = 4,5 m; AC = 7,0 m và CB = 3,5 m (làm tròn kết quả đến hàng phần chục).</strong></em><br />
<u><em><strong>Giải​:</strong></em></u><br />
<img alt="hinh 4 20b" height="278" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/hinh-4.20b.jpg" width="349" /><br />
Theo đề bài, đường phân giác trong của góc A cắt BC tại D nên AD là tia phân giác của <i>BAC</i><img alt="" height="25" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020151108-1.png" width="36" />&nbsp;<br />
Áp dụng tính chất đường phân giác của tam giác, ta có:<br />
<img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020151108-2.png" width="18" />&nbsp;= <img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020151108-3.png" width="19" />&nbsp;hay <img alt="" height="34" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020151108-4.png" width="18" />&nbsp;= <img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020151157-16.png" width="19" />&nbsp;&nbsp;nên <img alt="" height="35" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020151108-6.png" width="19" />&nbsp;=<img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020151108-7.png" width="18" />&nbsp;<br />
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:<br />
<img alt="" height="35" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020151108-8.png" width="19" />&nbsp;= <img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020151108-9.png" width="18" />&nbsp;= <img alt="" height="35" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020151108-10.png" width="47" />&nbsp;= <img alt="" height="35" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020151108-11.png" width="26" />&nbsp;= <img alt="" height="35" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020151108-12.png" width="26" />&nbsp;= <img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020151108-13.png" width="15" /><br />
Suy ra DC = <img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020151108-14.png" width="18" />&nbsp;= <img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020151108-15.png" width="15" />&nbsp;≈ 2,1&nbsp; (m)<br />
Vậy DC ≈ 2,1 m.<br />
<br />
<em><strong>Bài 4.12: Nhà bạn Mai ở vị trí M, nhà bạn Dung ở vị trí D (Hình 4.25), biết rằng tứ giác ABCD là hình vuông và M là trung điểm của AB. Hai bạn đi bộ với cùng một vận tốc trên con đường MD để đến điểm I. Bạn Mai xuất phát lúc 7h. Hỏi bạn Dung phải xuất phát lúc mấy giờ để gặp Mai lúc 7h30 tại điểm I?</strong></em><br />
<img alt="hinh 4 25" height="255" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/hinh-4.25.jpg" width="257" /><br />
<u><em><strong>Giải​:</strong></em></u><br />
​<span style="font-family: &#039;Times New Roman&#039;, serif; font-size: 14pt;">ABCD là hình vuông nên AC là phân giác góc A</span>

<div style="text-align:justify">
<div style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&#039;Times New Roman&#039;,serif">Ta có:</span><i>&nbsp;</i></span></span><img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020151813-17.png" width="17" /><span style="font-size:14pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&#039;Times New Roman&#039;,serif">&nbsp;= </span></span></span><img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020151813-18.png" width="21" /><span style="font-size:14pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&#039;Times New Roman&#039;,serif">&nbsp;= </span></span></span><img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020151813-19.png" width="8" /><span style="font-size:14pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&#039;Times New Roman&#039;,serif">&nbsp;=&gt; ID = 2 IM</span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size:14pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&#039;Times New Roman&#039;,serif">Thời gian bạn Mai đi từ M đến I là 0,5 giờ, thời gian bạn Dung đi từ D đến I là t</span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size:14pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&#039;Times New Roman&#039;,serif">Vận tốc bạn Mai đi là </span></span></span><img alt="" height="35" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020151813-20.png" width="18" /><br />
<span style="font-size:14pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&#039;Times New Roman&#039;,serif">Vận tốc bạn Dung đi là </span></span></span><img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020151813-21.png" width="15" /><span style="font-size:14pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&#039;Times New Roman&#039;,serif">&nbsp;= </span></span></span><img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020151813-22.png" width="25" /><br />
<span style="font-size:14pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&#039;Times New Roman&#039;,serif">Mà hai bạn đi cùng vận tốc nên </span></span></span><img alt="" height="35" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020151813-23.png" width="18" /><span style="font-size:14pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&#039;Times New Roman&#039;,serif">&nbsp;= </span></span></span><img alt="" height="33" src="https://sachgiai.com/uploads/news/2023_10/image-20231020151813-24.png" width="25" /><span style="font-size:14pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&#039;Times New Roman&#039;,serif">&nbsp;=&gt; t = 1 (giờ)</span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size:14pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&#039;Times New Roman&#039;,serif">Vậy bạn Dung phải xuất phát lúc 6h30</span></span></span></div>
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